Menene Bututun Tarin Jini na EDTA kuma Ta Yaya Ake Amfani da Su?

A cikin gwajin likita da ganewar asali da magani na asibiti,Bututun tattara jini na EDTA, a matsayin muhimman abubuwan da ake amfani da su wajen tattara jini, suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tabbatar da ingancin samfurori da kuma daidaiton gwaji. A cikin wannan labarin, za mu yi cikakken nazari kan wannan "mai kula da ba a iya gani" a fannin likitanci daga fannoni daban-daban na ma'ana, rarrabuwar launi, ƙa'idar hana zubar jini, manufar gwaji da kuma mizanin amfani.

MeneneJirgin tattara jini na EDTA?

Bututun tattara jini na EDTA wani nau'in bututun tattara jini ne na injin tsotsa wanda ke ɗauke da Ethylene Diamine Tetraacetic Acid ko gishirinsa, wanda galibi ana amfani da shi don tattara samfuran jini da maganin hana zubar jini. EDTA na iya toshe amsawar coagulation ta hanyar cire sinadarin calcium ions a cikin jini, don kiyaye jinin a cikin ruwa na dogon lokaci, da kuma samar da samfuran da suka dace don gwaje-gwajen tsarin jini da ilmin kwayoyin halitta. Yana samar da samfuran da suka dace don gwaje-gwajen tsarin jini, ilmin kwayoyin halitta da sauran gwaje-gwaje.

A matsayin muhimmin ɓangare nakayayyakin likitanciBututun tattara jini na EDTA suna buƙatar bin ƙa'idar ƙasa ta "kwantenan tattara samfurin jinin jijiya guda ɗaya" (misali GB/T 19489-2008) don tabbatar da aikin rashin haihuwa, rashin guba da kuma rashin guba.

Launuka daban-daban na bututun tattara jini na EDTA

A bisa ga ƙa'idodin gama gari na duniya (kamar jagororin CLSI H3-A6), bututun tattara jini na EDTA yawanci ana rufe su da shunayya (EDTA-K2/K3) ko shuɗi (sodium citrate da aka haɗa da EDTA) don bambance amfani:

Lura: Wasu samfuran na iya zama masu lamba a wasu launuka, duba umarnin kafin amfani.

Tsarin hana zubar jini na bututun tattara jini na EDTA

EDTA ta hanyar ƙungiyar carboxyl molecular (-COOH) da ions na calcium a cikin jini (Ca²⁺) sun haɗu don samar da chelate mai ƙarfi, don haka yana hana kunna plasminogen, yana toshe tsarin coagulation na fibrinogen zuwa fibrin. Wannan anticoagulation yana da halaye masu zuwa:

1. fara aiki cikin sauri: Ana iya kammala maganin hana zubar jini cikin mintuna 1-2 bayan an tattara jini;

2. babban kwanciyar hankali: ana iya adana samfuran sama da awanni 48 (ana iya tsawaita su a cikin firiji zuwa awanni 72);

3. Yawaitar amfani: ya dace da yawancin gwaje-gwajen jini, amma ba don gwaje-gwajen aikin coagulation ko platelet ba (ana buƙatar bututun sodium citrate).

Abubuwan gwaji na asali na bututun tattara jini na EDTA

1. nazarin jini na yau da kullun: yawan ƙwayoyin jinin farin jini, ma'aunin ƙwayoyin jinin ja, yawan haemoglobin, da sauransu;

2. Gano rukunin jini da kuma daidaita shi: rukunin jini na ABO, gano Rh factor;

3. Ganewar kwayoyin halitta: gwajin kwayoyin halitta, tantance nauyin ƙwayoyin cuta (misali HIV, HBV);

4. glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c): sa ido kan glucose na jini na dogon lokaci don ciwon suga;

5. gwajin ƙwayoyin cuta na jini: Plasmodium, gano ƙwayoyin cuta na microfilariae.

Amfani da ƙa'idodi da matakan kariya

1. Tsarin tattarawa:

Bayan an wanke fata, a yi aiki bisa ga ƙa'idar tattara jinin jijiyar jini;

Nan da nan bayan an tattara, a juya bututun tattara jini sau 5-8 domin tabbatar da cewa maganin hana zubar jini ya haɗu da jinin gaba ɗaya;

A guji girgiza mai ƙarfi (don hana haemolysis).

2. Ajiya da sufuri:

A adana a zafin ɗaki (15-25°C), a guji zafi ko daskarewa;

Sanya shi a tsaye yayin jigilar kaya don hana sassauta murfin bututun.

3. Yanayin da ba su dace ba:

Ana buƙatar bututun sodium citrate don Coagulation IV (PT, APTT, da sauransu);

Gwajin aikin platelet yana buƙatar bututun sodium citrate.

Yadda ake zaɓar babban inganciJirgin tattara jini na EDTA?

1. Cancantar da takardar shaida: zaɓi samfuran da suka wuce takardar shaidar ISO13485 da CE. 2;

2. Tsaron kayan aiki: ya kamata jikin bututun ya kasance mai haske kuma babu ragowar plasticizer;

3. Daidaiton allurai: adadin maganin hana zubar jini da aka ƙara ya kamata ya yi daidai da ƙa'idar ƙasa (misali yawan EDTA-K2 na 1.8±0.15mg/mL);

4. Suna: Ana ba da fifiko ga shahararrun samfuran da ke cikin fannin kayayyakin likitanci don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin rukuni.

Kammalawa

A matsayina na memba mai mahimmanci nana'urar tattara jini, bututun tattara jini na EDTA suna da tasiri kai tsaye kan daidaiton sakamakon gwaji dangane da halayen hana zubar jini. Ta hanyar daidaita amfani da bututun tattara jini daban-daban masu launuka daban-daban da kuma haɗa su da tsauraran hanyoyin tattara jini, zai iya samar da tushe mai inganci don gano cutar a asibiti. A nan gaba, tare da haɓaka maganin daidaito, bututun tattara jini na EDTA za su taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin nazarin jini, jerin kwayoyin halitta da sauran fannoni, kuma za su ci gaba da kare lafiyar ɗan adam.